Authors
Professor Hiroshige Tanaka
Enlargement of global network enhances competition among cities as well as corporations. It is possible that a furious competition makes global society unstable. We must investigate the mechanism that competition confirms sustainability of global community. This paper argues that network effects are a major factor of competition and that the analysis on positive and negative stakeholders is effective to make clear the competitive mechanism consisted by cities and corporations. Network effects are caused by global market and by cooperation in the local societies to promote innovation. The countervailing power of stakeholders compensates the problems caused by extreme competition.</