Document summary
Within the landscape of environmental and social metrics available, it is sometimes difficult to know what direction to take. This report provides investors with a guide to current and emerging tools, looking at what information they can provide, examining the main methodological choices and how they affect the end results. These topics are explored in a simple and user-friendly way by looking at data typologies, exposure assessment, scoring and ratings, and their integration within fundamental analysis. The methodologies of the main ratings providers are also reviewed, focussing on multi-stakeholder research projects, and highlighting case studies from financial analyst and ESG team publications.